cone crusher diagram

Cone Crusher Diagram and Working Principle

A cone crusher is a type of compression crusher that reduces material by squeezing it between a moving piece of steel (mantle) and a stationary piece (concave). It is widely used in mining, aggregate production, and construction industries for crushing hard and abrasive materials. Below is an explanation of its key components and working mechanism based on a typical cone crusher diagram.

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Key Components of a Cone Crusher (Illustrated in Diagram)

1. Feed Hopper – The entry point for raw material into the crusher.
2. Mantle – A moving conical component that gyrates eccentrically within the concave bowl, crushing the material against it.
3. Concave (Bowl Liner) – A fixed outer surface lined with wear-resistant material against which the mantle compresses rocks.
4. Eccentric Assembly – Drives the mantle’s gyrating motion via an eccentric bushing or gear mechanism.
5. Main Shaft – Connects the mantle to the eccentric assembly and transmits rotational force from the motor.
6. Hydraulic System – Adjusts the crusher’s closed-side setting (CSS) to control output size and provides overload protection.
7. Discharge Chute – Channels crushed material out of the crushing chamber after processing.
8. Countershaft & Pinion Gear – Transmits power from the motor to the eccentric assembly (in some designs).

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How a Cone Crusher Works (Step-by-Step Process)

1. Material Entry: Rocks enter through the feed hopper and fall onto the rotating mantle at the top of the crushing chamber.
2. Compression Crushing: The mantle gyrates eccentrically, pressing material against the concave liner repeatedly until it breaks into smaller pieces due to compressive forces.
3. Size Reduction: Crushed particles move downward under gravity while further compression occurs until they reach the desired size at the discharge opening (closed-side setting).
4. Discharge: Finer particles exit through gaps between the mantle and concave at the bottom, while oversized pieces remain for additional crushing cycles (closed-circuit systems may recirculate material).

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Types of Cone Crushers

- Standard Cone Crusher: Coarser output, suited for secondary crushing after jaw crushers.
- Short Head