ring hammer crusher principle

# Principle of Ring Hammer Crusher

## Introduction
The ring hammer crusher is a type of impact crusher widely used in coal, metallurgy, mining, chemical, and building material industries for crushing brittle materials with medium hardness. Its unique design and working principle make it efficient in reducing large-sized materials into smaller particles.

## Working Principle
The ring hammer crusher operates based on impact and shear forces generated by high-speed rotating hammers. The key components include:

1. Rotor Assembly – The main rotating part equipped with multiple ring hammers arranged symmetrically around the shaft.
2. Crushing Chamber – Enclosed space where material is crushed between the hammers and breaker plates.
3. Grid Bar (Screen Plate) – Controls the discharge size of crushed material by filtering particles until they reach the desired fineness.

Crushing Process:
1. Feeding Stage: Raw material enters the crusher through the feed inlet and falls onto the rotor assembly.
2. Impact Crushing Stage: As the rotor spins at high speed (typically 700–1300 RPM), the ring hammers strike incoming materials with tremendous kinetic energy, breaking them into smaller fragments upon impact.
3. Shearing & Grinding Stage: Particles are repeatedly struck by hammers and collide with breaker plates or grid bars inside the crushing chamber, further reducing their size through shear forces.
4. Discharge Stage: Crushed material exits through gaps in the grid bar once it meets size requirements; oversized particles continue circulating until sufficiently reduced.

## Advantages of Ring Hammer Crusher
- High crushing efficiency due to combined impact and shear forces.
- Adjustable discharge size via interchangeable grid bars/screens.
- Suitable for wet or sticky materials (with proper design modifications).
- Low maintenance cost compared to jaw or cone crushers for certain applications.

## Applications
Ring hammer crushers are commonly used for:
- Coal crushing in power plants & coke production.
- Limestone, gypsum, and other brittle mineral processing.
- Recycling industries (e.g., glass, ceramics).

## Conclusion
The ring hammer crusher’s principle relies on high-speed rotational impact and secondary grinding actions to achieve efficient size reduction of brittle materials. Its robust design makes it ideal for industries requiring consistent particle size control with minimal fines generation.

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